INB Buena – Mineral Treatment Unit
The Buena Unit, located in the Municipality of S�o Francisco de Itabapoana, is responsible for the prospection and research, mining, industrialization and marketing of heavy minerals popularly known as "monazitic sands".
Because they are mineral reserves formed by the regression of the sea - paleobeach - the extraction of the ore and recomposition of the mined soil are concurrently made with no major impact on the environment, in such way that the area worked can not be distinguished from the existing ones cleared for planting, pastures and other purposes.
Mining Process
The mining process starts by the extraction of the superficial layer of a soil rich in organic material. This material is stored in site for a short period of time and will be used in the recovering mining field final phase. After that, with the auxiliary of a hydraulic excavator and conventional dump trucks, the ore is extracted and conduced to the dressing of Ore Treatment Unit.
After the useful (heavy) fraction separating corresponding 10% to 15% of the total ore volume, the dressing process continues. The sterile (light) fraction representing the others 85% to 90% is transported back to the mine for the filling of the ore extraction resulting pit. The ore is processed at the hydrogravimetric concentration obtaining the heavy concentrate. The sterile material goes back to the recomposition of the mined soil.
Ore extraction and terrain recomposition procedures are executed in such an integrated way that the pit opening is followed near by its filling. After recomposing the mine terrain, the organic soil layer, extracted and stocked at the beginning, is distributed through the whole area.
Ore extraction and terrain recomposition procedures are executed in such an integrated way that the pit opening is followed near by its filling. After recomposing the mine terrain, the organic soil layer, extracted and stocked at the beginning, is distributed through the whole area.
As practically the entire region is covered by pastures, in a short period of time, the terrains are ready to be used the same way it was before the ore extraction. In case of evidence of vegetation in the deposit area, it will be preserved.
Important products can be obtained from these sands, used by the industry, such as: ilmenite (iron titanate) - rutile (titanium dioxide) - zirconite (zircon silicate) - monazite (rare earths phosphate).
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